Acute Leukemias in West Central Mexico: Interinstitutional Experience

Introduction:

The epidemiology of acute leukemias in our country is scanty. Data from two large medical centers was recently published (Gac Med Mex 2016;152:208-212); other publication is from a interinstitutional study (Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2016;16:S2152).

Objective:

Epidemiology data of acute leukemias (AML, ALL) in our region.

Material and methods:

Epidemiology data of samples referred to Laboratorios Fatima de Michoacan for flow cytometry for acute leukemia (AML, ALL), and/or karyotyping, FISH or PCR for AML-M3 in our region.

Results:

Ninety one positive samples for AML; 54 males and 37 females, with 1.46 ratio; age range from 15 to 86 years with an average of 49.7; age groups: two from 15 to 19, sixteen from 20 to 29, sixteen from 30 to 39, fifteen from 40 to 49, sixteen from 50 to 59, fourteen from 60 to 69, eleven from 70 to 79, one more than 80; AML type: thirty nine M0-M1, four M2, fourteen M3, thirty one M4-M5, two M6 and one M7.

One hundred positive samples for ALL; 60 males and 40 females, with 1.5 ratio; age range from 15 to 81 years old, with an average of 34.7; age groups: twenty four from 15 to 19, twenty eight from 20 to 29, fourteen from 30 to 39, twelve from 40 to 49, twelve from 50 to 59, five from 60 to 69, three from 70 to 79 and two more than 80; ALL type: 90 B cell precursor, 10 T cell precursor.

Conclusions:

slightly more cases of ALL than AML with similar M/F ratio in both; the age of presentation is 15 years earlier for ALL than AML; most cases of AML were M0-M1 and M4-M5, the other types has unique morphological features and maybe the hematologist do not considered flow cytometry; as reported worldwide B cell precursor ALL is more frequent than T cell precursor. It is important to form a national database for acute leukemias in our country.